The Industrialization of Rural ChinaOUP Oxford, 2007 - 424 páginas The growth of rural industry in China since 1978 has been explosive. Much of the existing literature explains its growth in terms of changes in economic policy. By means of a combination of privatization, liberalization and fiscal decentralization, it is argued, rural industrialization has taken off. This book takes issue with such claims. Using a newly constructed dataset covering all of China's 2000 plus counties and complemented by a detailed econometric study of county-level industrialization in the provinces of Sichuan, Guangdong and Jiangsu, the author demonstrates that history mattered. More precisely, it is argued that the development of rural industry in the Maoist period set in motion a process of learning-by-doing whereby China's rural workforce gradually acquired an array of skills and competencies. As a result, rural industrialization was accelerating well before the 1978 climacteric. The growth of the 1980s and 1990s is therefore likely to be a continuation of this process. Without prior Maoist development of skills, the growth of the post-1978 era would have been much slower, and perhaps would not have occurred at all - as has been the case in countries such as India and Vietnam. This is not to say that the Maoist legacy was without flaw. Many of the rural industries created under Mao were geared towards meeting defence-related objectives resulting in inefficiencies, and there can be no question that post-1978 policy changes facilitated the growth process. But without the Maoist inheritance, rural industrialization across China would have been unsuccessful. |
Contenido
1 Introduction | 1 |
2 Rural Industrialization in the Maoist Era | 8 |
3 Rural Industrialization After 1978 | 48 |
4 The Role of Policy Change | 72 |
5 The Learning Hypothesis | 117 |
6 Learning to Industrialize in the Maoist Era | 141 |
7 The National Evidence | 168 |
8 Jiangsu | 207 |
9 Sichuan | 244 |
10 Guangdong | 285 |
11 Conclusion | 322 |
Appendices | 337 |
356 | |
389 | |
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Términos y frases comunes
agricultural average base capita industrial Chengdu China Chinese Chongqing commune and brigade counties countryside county-level Delta Deyang Dongguan early economic evidence example expansion factor fiscal decentralization Fujian Gansu Ganzi geography grain yield growth rate Guangdong Guangzhou Guizhou GVIO heavy industry human capital impact important included increased indus industrial employment rate industrial GVA industrial output industrial production industrial sector inefficient initial investment Jiangsu jurisdictions Kunshan labour late Maoist learning-by-doing Lechang legacies Liangshan light industry literacy rate located manufacturing capability Maoist industrialization Maoming Meixian migration million yuan municipality Neijiang Nevertheless Panzhihua percent poor population density prefecture private sector programme proto-industrial provinces proximity rapid regions regression result rural areas rural China SCZL Shanghai Shantou Shaoguan share significant skills SOEs Subei Sunan Suzhou Table Third Front tion TJNJ tongjiju TVE sector value-added variables Wenzhou workers workforce Wuxi Zhejiang zhen