may be abated, rebated, etc., in favour of widows or orphans of deceased soldiers, disabled soldiers, etc.

C. 64 empowers the Executive Council on petition to disincorporate a municipal area.

C. 65 provides for incorporation under a simplified system of any village area containing not more than 1,000 residents.

Natural Resources.-C. 58 empowers the Executive Council to place a reserve on lands containing iron-ore and to dispose of same with provision for royalties.

C. 95 establishes a British Columbia Patriotic and Educational Picture Service. The Director provides for the taking and exhibition of the pictures, and has power to enforce his instructions.

Prohibition.-C. 72 makes the law regulating the sale of intoxicating liquor more stringent, and further powers are vested in the Commissioner appointed to administer the Act. Liquor may not be taken from a private dwelling-house except to another such house or from a warehouse except to another warehouse. Druggists authorized to fill medical prescriptions can obtain not more than five gallons in one day and must file with the Commissioner all prescriptions filled by them. Medical prescriptions are limited to eight ounces of whisky or other spirituous liquor, except in special cases sworn to by the physician, and no physician is entitled to fill more than one hundred prescriptions each month. Restrictions are placed on the sale of flavouring extracts or essences containing alcohol. The various police authorities are required to file monthly reports of prosecutions with the Commissioner. Municipalities are given power to regulate and prohibit the sale of "near-beer" and "soft" drinks.

C. 93 provides for a fresh referendum in this form-" Which do you prefer, (1) the present 'Prohibition Act' or (2) an Act to provide for Government control and sale in sealed packages of spirituous and malt = liquors ? "

Public Utilities.-C. 74 repeals the Act of 1919 establishing a Public Utilities Commission for the control of provincial undertakings such as railways, tramways, telephones, etc.

Railways.-Cc. 39 and 40 provide for the building of short lines by the Kettle Valley Railway Company for the purpose of developing a coal area and an irrigated district.

Returned Soldiers.-C. 4 extends for a further year the protection granted by the legislation of 1918 in regard to mining rights and property. C. 63 permits municipalities to extend relief in regard to taxes. C. 102 protects claims to water rights.

Social Legislation.-C. 61 authorizes the payment of pensions to mothers. The definition of that term includes widows, married women whose husbands are in prison or a lunatic asylum, women whose husbands are unable to support them owing to illness or accident, deserted wives, and other cases considered by the Superintendent charged with administration to be within the Act. Applicants must be indigent and their children under sixteen, qualified as British subjects and resident for at least eighteen months in the Province. The maximum allowance is $42.50 a month where there is one child, and an extra allowance of $7.50 a month for every other child. Allowances cease when a recipient leaves the Province or, if a widow, remarries.

C. 94 is entitled the Testator's Family Maintenance Act and authorizes

the Court to order that when a testator makes no provision for wife, husband, or children the estate may be made liable for payment of a lump sum or periodical sums.

The amounts payable under the Workmen's Compensation Act of 1916 are by C. 105 increased-for example, in case of death the widow will receive $35 a month instead of $20.

Taxation.-C. 89 contains sundry amendments to the Taxation Act. The exemption of income is raised to $1,200 for single persons and $1,500 for married people, with $200 in addition for each dependent, which includes children under eighteen and adult relatives dependent for support on the taxpayer, etc. Income of non-residents from securities of the Province or any municipality in the Province is exempted-also income from motor-vehicles or vessels registered in the Province.

C. 90 amends the Amusements Tax Act of 1917 and c. 91 the Polltax Act, giving municipalities power to collect a poll-tax up to $5.

Water Rights.-C. 102 among other amendments abolishes the public irrigation corporation and replaces it by Improvement Districts, which are tracts of land requiring irrigation, the owners of the land becoming a body corporate under Letters Patent for the purpose of storing, supplying etc., water or power. Provisions for the government of the corporation are set forth.

Women.-C. 17 confers on women the right to be elected as members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province, and c. 63 the right to be elected to municipal offices.

4. MANITOBA.

[Contributed by J. PITBLADO, Esq., K.C., LL.B.]

Public Acts, 159; Private Acts, 17.

A large number of the Public Acts comprise minor amendments of Acts already passed.

I. Act amending Manitoba Election Act (c. 33). This establishes proportional representation in the electoral division of Winnipeg.

2. Electrical Power Transmission Act amended (c. 35) gives the Minister of Public Works power to initiate inquiries in connection with municipalities which have not made any application for electrical service, and further, to construct or acquire transmission lines or any electrical plant in such municipality. The Minister may also distribute and sell electrical power directly to persons in the municipality.

3. The Engineering Profession Act (c. 38) provides for the registration of professional engineers and the incorporation of all such registered engineers. The qualifications for registration are: in respect of residents in the Province at the date of the passing of the Act, one year's practice; in respect of new residents coming from another Province of Canada in which they were duly registered, by the production of a certificate of membership in good standing in such Province. Other persons must either submit to an examination or produce credentials satisfactory to the council of the association entitling them to be admitted. Nonresidents of the Province may take out a temporary licence. Nonresidents of Canada may take out a licence to practise their profession in an advisory or a consultatory capacity. The Act establishes a Council

of Management and a Board of Commissioners, nominated and appointed annually by the Council of Management. The Council has disciplinary powers of suspending or expelling an engineer from the association; certain penalties are fixed for non-professional conduct or for practising when not registered or not licensed.

4. Act to enable a municipality to borrow money for fodder purposes (c. 43) enables rural municipalities to borrow money not exceeding $50,000 for the purpose of furnishing feed, oats, hay, or potatoes to resident farmers on certain securities.

5. The Good Roads Act amended (c. 47) enables the Minister of Public Works to purchase gravel-pits, machinery, etc., for use in building roads, and to enable the Government to borrow up to five million dollars for good-roads purposes.

6. Act respecting housing in urban municipalities (c. 55) enables the Lieutenant-Governor in Council to raise by way of loan a sum not exceeding one million dollars in any one year, to lend to urban municipalities for the purpose of enabling the municipalities to make advances to persons to erect or repair houses within the municipality.

7. Industrial Conditions Act of 1919 amended (c. 57) regulates the right of employers and employees to organize for any lawful purpose, and right of employers or employees to bargain with one another individually or collectively through their organizations or representatives, provided that in case of dispute as to the method and the manner and terms of such bargaining the dispute shall be submitted to the Joint Council of Industry.

8. Life Insurance Act amended (c. 61) provides that where a policy on the face of it is for the benefit of a person other than the insured's wife or husband, wife or children, or husband and children, or his or her children, then the insured may by an instrument in writing attached to or endorsed on the policy, absolutely revoke the benefit, provided the insured shall not alter or revoke the benefit of any person who is a beneficiary for value.

9. District Hail Insurance Act (c. 62) provides for the organization of rural municipalities into Hail Insurance districts. A Board of nine members, one representative to be appointed by the council of each municipality, to have a corporate existence and power to carry on business of Hail Insurance under the provisions of the Act. The Board has power to strike a rate to be levied upon each crop insured under the Act, and each municipality within the Hail Insurance district is required to pay to the Board the amount of the tax levied.

10. The Legitimation Act (c. 72) provides that the marriage of parents of any child born out of lawful wedlock shall have the effect of making such child legitimate from the time of birth.

II. Provincial Police Act (c. 102) establishes a Commissioner to be the head of the Provincial Police, and, except as provided for in the Act, the Civil Service Act is to apply to members of the Provincial Police Force.

12. The Tax Commission Act (c. 134) establishes a Commission as a branch of the Department of the Municipal Commissioner to be composed of three members with duties and powers, inter alia, as follows: To supervise assessment laws of the Province and all assessments; to confer with, advise, and direct assessors; prescribe a uniform system of procedure to be observed by assessors in preparation of assessment rolls; to require assessors and other municipal officials to make returns

to the Commission on subjects affecting assessment and taxation; to examine cases of alleged violation of assessment laws; to call together all assessors to study and consider tax problems; to study and investigate tax laws of other Provinces of Canada and other countries; to act as a Board of Equalization to equalize in a fair and equitable manner the valuation and assessment of property in the several municipalities in each of the judicial districts and as between judicial districts; to consider and report upon for the guidance of the Legislature petitions requesting the formation of new municipalities.

13. The Manitoba Temperance Act (c. 135) amends previous Act and provides that liquor may be sold only by Government-appointed vendors at prices fixed by the Government, and that such vendors shall not make any profit on sales made, and sales may be made only to certain persons as specified in the Act, such as physicians, dentists, hospitals, etc.

14. War Relief Act, 1918, amended (c. 150), extending the protection to soldiers from one year after the determination of the war to May 1, 1921. 15. Winnipeg City Charter, 1918, amended (c. 156) to establish a system of municipal election by proportional representation in the city of Winnipeg.

16. The Workmen's Compensation Act of 1916 re-enacted and consolidated (c. 159). The general principle of this Act is compulsory insurance by employers against accident and death of the employees.

5. NEW BRUNSWICK.

[Contributed by THE HON. THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL.]

1919.

Jury.-C. 3. An Act representing jurors and juries.

This Act is rather a consolidation of the previous legislation, changing, however, the mode of selection of jurors.

All males between twenty-one and sixty-five years of age are liable to service with a few exceptions. They must be British subjects assessed on real or personal property or both to the amount of $600 or on that amount of income. The new feature is the constitution of a Jury Board composed of the County Court Judge, the County Treasurer, and the Sheriff for each county. Such Board determines the number of jurors required for the circuit and county courts in their county both as Crown and Petit jurors and fixes the number to be placed upon the list at three times the number probably required. The Board selects a list from the jury list, putting upon it such men as in its opinion are the "most discreet and competent for the performance of the duties of jurors." The Sheriff then transcribes the list in alphabetical order and numbers the names in rotation. At least fifteen days before any Circuit or County Court is to be held the Jury Board assemble and the judge of the County Court draws a sufficient number from the list by numbered ballots corresponding to the numbers against the names. Those so drawn are notified that they will be required to serve at the ensuing courts. The Board may draw all panels required for the next three months at the same time, but the names may not be disclosed to anyone except members of the Board and the Crown Prosecutor until six days before the holding of the Court for which such jury panel has been drawn.

Sale of Goods.-C. 4. Sale of Goods Act is an exact reproduction of the Imperial Act 56 and 57 Vict. c. 71.

Factors.-C. 5. The Factors' Act is a reproduction of the Imperial Factors' Act, 1889.

Railways.-C. 17, relating to Provincial Railways, provides that tolls levied by any provincial railway shall be subject to revision, alteration, and amendment by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council or by the Board of Railway Commissioners of Canada if the Lieutenant-Governor in Council shall so order. A provincial railway exacting any toll not so authorized is liable to a penalty. A provincial railway cannot make or amend a toll unless approved by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council or the Board of Railway Commissioners of Canada if referred to them.

A duty is imposed on such company to furnish proper safe and adequate service for the public upon order of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council made upon a report of the Minister of Public Works.

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may also order reconstruction or repair of any part of the railway, and failure to comply subjects the company to a daily penalty.

A regular daily service is also provided for under a penalty for failure to afford the same without an excuse satisfactory to the LieutenantGovernor in Council. In case the railway fails to make the reconstruction or repair required, the work may be done by the Province, and the cost is made a first lien on the railway and other property of the defaulting company.

Lands and Mines.-C. 23 enables the Minister of Lands and Mines to select a tract of wilderness land not exceeding 400 sq. miles as a refuge for game animals and birds.

Evidence.-C. 43 deals with evidence, and provides that the production of a certificate in writing, signed by the officer in charge of estates of the Canadian overseas expeditionary forces or by the director or other head of the record office at the Military Headquarters, Ottawa, or by the officer designated by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council for that purpose, stating that the person named in the certificate was a member of the Canadian expeditionary forces and died while overseas and that he has been officially reported dead, shall be sufficient evidence of the death of said person for any purpose to which the legislative authority of the Province extends.

No official proof of the signature to such certificate is required.

Intoxicating Liquors.-C. 53 provides for the appointment of a Board by means of which the Lieutenant-Governor in Council may take over the business of wholesale vendors of liquor in the Province.

Housing.-C. 54, an Act to provide for better housing, deals with money to be loaned by the Government of Canada to the Province for this purpose. Any city council, town council, or municipal council may adopt the Act upon which such local authority may borrow from the Province for the purpose of carrying out a town-planning scheme or housing scheme or both. Such local authority issues bonds, debentures, certificates of indebtedness, or other security for moneys borrowed under the Act and may loan to any individual or housing company not exceeding 85 per cent. of the cost of the houses and the land upon which they are constructed. The Lieutenant-Governor in Council has power to make regulations for the carrying out of the Act, including provisions for expropriation.